When we think of oral health, we tend to only think of our teeth. But that’s not the whole story. Your gums are the foundation of a healthy smile and they protect your teeth (and their nerves and roots) and the bones of your jaw. Gum health is a critical part of your oral health and can even play a significant role in your overall health as chronic gum inflammation is thought to be linked with other diseases, including respiratory disease, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and stroke.

Practicing good oral hygiene is the most important thing you can do to prevent and treat issues with your gums. If you aren’t brushing or flossing enough, plaque can build up on your teeth and cause gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease. Signs and symptoms of gingivitis include:

• Swollen or puffy gums, usually dark red in color
• Gums that bleed easily when you brush or floss
• Bad breath
• Receding gums
• Tender gums

If left untreated, gingivitis can turn into periodontitis, which is a gum disease that spreads to the underlying tissue and bone, a much more serious condition that can lead to tooth loss.

The good news is that all of these issues are preventable! By following the tips below, you’ll better your chances of reversing damage from gingivitis and preventing its progression to a more serious complication.

• Practice good oral hygiene. Brush your teeth at least twice a day, and floss before bedtime.
• Quit smoking. People who smoke up to a half a pack of cigarettes per day have a much higher risk than nonsmokers of getting periodontitis. Smoking can also reduce the chances for successful treatment.
• Maintain a healthy diet. A diet rich in vegetables and vegetable oils, fruits, nuts, and fatty fish isn’t just good for your waistline! There is also some evidence that people whose diets are high in these nutrients, especially omega-3 fatty acids, have decreased levels of inflammation and a reduced risk of gingivitis and periodontal disease.
• Have regular dental check-ups. Your dentist doesn’t just keep your mouth clean—

they can also help spot the first signs of gum disease.

• Get treatment at the first signs of gum disease. If you notice any of the signs of gingivitis listed above, like swollen or bleeding gums, check in with your dentist sooner than later. More subtle changes, like widening spaces between your teeth or partial dentures that don't fit as well as they once did, may also indicate an issue with your gums.

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